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CHI Company Investigation · Technology & Software

Salesforce

Salesforce made it easy to grow. It made shrinking expensive.

Enterprise CRM · Sales & Service · Agentforce · Data 360 · Slack · Tableau
Standard company investigation · Concerning · Research current through 16 October 2026

PUBLICVerdict: SupportsEvidence led by Salesforce’s own contracts

Salesforce’s standard contract once capped renewal increases at 7%. Since May 2019 it has contained no renewal-price limit, and a renewal with fewer seats or a shorter term is re-priced.

Under the current standard agreement, seats added mid-term keep the existing price, while a renewal with fewer seats or a shorter term is re-priced “without regard to the prior term’s per-unit pricing.”S1 These are Salesforce’s standard, default terms; negotiated Order Forms take precedence over them.

CHI58/100Concerning
CVI—Not yet assigned
CFS—Requires a CVI

CHI 58 is CHI’s calibrated score based on the verified evidence on this page. It is not derived from any single Salesforce document. A CVI has not yet been assigned for Salesforce, so no CFS (CVI − CHI) is published. Methodology →

7%Ceiling on renewal increases in the standard contract, 2009 to 2015
NoneRenewal-price limit in the standard contract since May 2019
20→30%Premier Success published rate, share of net licence fees, Feb 2021
$25Entry list price per user per month, held since 2017
Estimated read 16 min

Easy to add Expansion, any time

New seats join mid-term at the price you already pay.

Subscriptions may be added during a subscription term at the same pricing as the underlying subscription pricing, prorated, and end on the same date as the rest (§3.1).S1 Growth keeps the terms you negotiated.

Same per-unit priceProratedCoterminous

Costly to cut Contraction, only at renewal

Fewer seats or a shorter term reopens the price.

Quantities cannot be decreased during the relevant subscription term; fees are non-cancelable and non-refundable (§5.1). At renewal, less volume or length triggers re-pricing (§11.2). Subscriptions otherwise auto-renew for a year unless notice is given 30 days before term end.S1

No mid-term decreaseRe-pricing on reductionNo renewal cap

Easy to add. Costly to cut. Expansion preserves the commercial relationship; contraction can reopen its economics. This is CHI’s reading: the contract specifies re-pricing on reduction, not a direction. The risk is that a discount negotiated for a larger commitment does not travel to a smaller one.

01The protection disappeared

One sentence in the standard contract, in three versions.

Salesforce publishes every version of its standard agreement back to 1999.S2 Read in order, the renewal-pricing clause moves from a ceiling to a default to nothing at all, while a new clause makes reductions trigger re-pricing.

Ceiling

2009 to October 2015. A renewal increase shall not exceed 7% of the prior term’s pricing, with advance written notice (30 days, later 60). The cap did not apply where prior pricing was marked promotional or one-time.S3S4

Default

9 January 2016. Pricing will increase by up to 7% … unless We provide You notice of different pricing at least 60 days prior. Larger increases became possible on notice. The same version added re-pricing when subscription volume decreases.S5

None

1 May 2019 to today. The 7% sentence is deleted and nothing replaces it. Re-pricing now applies when subscription volume or subscription length decreases. The current agreement, last updated 15 October 2026, carries the same text.S6S7S1

“Notwithstanding anything to the contrary, any renewal in which subscription volume or subscription length for any Services has decreased from the prior term will result in re-pricing at renewal without regard to the prior term’s per-unit pricing.”
Main Services Agreement §11.2 · current version, last updated 15 October 2026S1

Long-standing, not new

  • No mid-term reductions. “Quantities purchased cannot be decreased during the relevant subscription term” appears, in substance, in every version from 2009 onward.
  • Fees follow purchases, not use. “Fees are based on Services subscriptions purchased and not actual usage” is also present from 2009.
  • No termination for convenience. Termination has always been for cause only: uncured material breach or insolvency.

What changed, 2016 to 2019

  • The 7% ceiling became a default in January 2016, with larger increases allowed on 60 days’ notice.
  • Re-pricing on reduction was added in January 2016 (volume) and widened in May 2019 (volume or length).
  • The remaining 7% language was deleted in May 2019, leaving no renewal-price sentence in the standard terms.

The structural change was the renewal-pricing treatment of contraction. The other rules pre-date it.

Read with this caveat

These are Salesforce’s standard, default terms. They are not every customer’s terms.

The agreement ranks documents in this order: (1) the applicable Order Form, (2) this Agreement, and (3) the Documentation, and both the fee and renewal clauses open with “Except as otherwise specified … in an Order Form”.S1 Large customers routinely negotiate price protections into Order Forms, and customers on bespoke master agreements that do not reference this MSA are not bound by it. CHI does not know what share of customers sign the standard terms unchanged.

02Support became another percentage layer

The Premier rate moved from 20% to 30% of net licence fees.

Salesforce sells its main paid support plan, Premier Success, as a share of licence spend. Archived copies of its Success Plans page show the published rate changing between captures dated 16 and 19 February 2021.S8S9

Captured 16 February 2021

Standard · Premier · Premier Plus

  • Included in all licences
  • 20% of net: 24/7 support, phone, developer support
  • 30% of net: Premier plus unlimited configuration services
Captured 19 February 2021, and today

Standard · Premier · Signature

  • Included in all licences
  • 30% of net (today: “30% of net license fees”)
  • Request a quote; price based on complexity and scale
Premier at 20%, Premier Plus at 30%Premier at 30%, Premier Plus gone

Salesforce raised the Premier Success Plan’s published rate from 20% to 30% of net licence fees — a 50% relative increase in the rate.

Premier Plus left the public tier lineup in the same change. CHI found no Salesforce announcement explaining it, and no evidence that existing Premier customers were moved to the new rate at renewal. This is a change to the published list rate, not proof that any customer’s contract was repriced.S8S9S11
What the included plan covers, and what Premier adds
NeedStandard (included)Premier (30% of net)
Response time2 days for all support inquiries, local business hours1 hour for business-stopping issues, 24/7/365
Live channelsHelp Agent and chatHelp Agent, chat and phone
Developer supportNot listedTroubleshooting up to 200 lines of custom code

From Salesforce’s current Success Plans pricing and April 2026 datasheet; a June 2019 capture shows the same split.S11S12S10 Premier’s dollar cost moves with the licence base it covers. In fairness, it has been bundled at no extra charge in Unlimited since at least 2017, and is included in the 2026 Core, Advanced and Max editions.

03The percentage compounds

Twelve products priced as a share of what you already spend.

Salesforce lists security, environment and support products as a percentage of the customer’s net spend, not as a fixed fee.S13S14S15S11

30%Shield
20%Platform Encryption
15%Data Detect
10%Event Monitoring
10%Field Audit Trail
10%Security Center
15%Privacy Center
10%Data Mask
5%Developer Pro sandbox
20%Partial Copy sandbox
30%Full Copy sandbox
30%Premier Success Planof net licence fees
Applicable net spend of 100, plus Premier, Shield and a Full Copy sandbox at published rates190
100+30+30+30
  • Applicable net spend
  • Premier 30%
  • Shield 30%
  • Full Copy 30%

Illustration at published rates, before any discount, assuming the whole base counts as “applicable”. Real bases and rates are negotiated.

When the base rises, so does every add-on

When the customer’s own net price on applicable products rises — a higher negotiated price at renewal, or more seats — the dollar cost of each percentage-priced add-on rises too, though its stated percentage is unchanged. A list-price announcement alone does not change an existing contract; the effect arrives when the customer’s actual net price moves.

“Applicable” is not defined publicly

The FAQ says the price is calculated as a percentage of how much you spend on other applicable Salesforce products (for example, products that are technically compatible) and refers questions to a sales representative.S13S14 CHI records the undefined denominator as a transparency finding.

04Seven quiet years, then repeated upward moves

The entry enterprise list level went from $150 to $195. The product changed too.

Sales Cloud list prices, per user per month, billed annually, from Salesforce’s own announcements and archived pricing pages.S17S16S18S19 In July 2023 Salesforce said its last list price increase was seven years ago.S16

2017 to mid-2023

$75 · $150 · $300

Professional, Enterprise, Unlimited. Unchanged on archived pages from June 2017 to June 2023.

August 2023

$80 · $165 · $330

Announced as an average increase of about 9%, the first in seven years by Salesforce’s account.

2024

Einstein 1 · $500

A new top tier above Unlimited, bundling AI and Data Cloud. Enterprise and Unlimited unchanged.

August 2025

$175 · $350

Enterprise and Unlimited, average increase about 6%. Agentforce 1 Editions from $550. Starter, Pro and Foundations excluded.

September 2026

$195 · $395 · $550

Core, Advanced and Max replace Enterprise, Unlimited and Agentforce 1 for new buyers. Existing legacy pricing unchanged, says Salesforce.

$150 Enterprise → $195 Core is about +30%; $300 Unlimited → $395 Advanced is about +32%. The 2026 editions are not the same products.

Core bundles the Premier Success Plan, Slack Business+, Tableau Next and 500,000 Flex Credits that Enterprise did not; Advanced adds security products and 1 million Flex Credits to an Unlimited tier that already included Premier.
What each announcement said about who it applied to
ChangeSalesforce’s stated scopeWhat CHI does not claim
August 2023, average ~9%New customers and existing customers purchasing new cloudsS16That Salesforce said existing subscriptions were raised at renewal
August 2025, average ~6%Enterprise and Unlimited editions of Sales, Service, Field Service and select Industries; no planned changes for Foundations, Starter or ProS18Anything about existing customers or renewals, on which the announcement is silent
September 2026, new editionsExisting customer pricing on legacy editions remains unchanged.S19That legacy customers were forced to migrate

Three upward moves in about 37 months: two announced list increases and a third through replacement editions.

05Simplification through bundling

Fewer editions, more inside each one.

On 3 September 2026 Salesforce introduced Core, Advanced and Max for Agentforce Sales, Service and Industries, saying every tier now includes Agentforce, Slack and Slackbot, embedded agentic analytics, data security and the Premier Success Plan.S19S20S21

Core · $195Enterprise-level CRM plus Premier Success, Slack Business+, Tableau Next, Agentforce skills and 500,000 Flex Credits a year.Replaces Enterprise ($175)
Advanced · $395Everything in Core plus Backup & Recover, Archive, Data Detect, Security Center and 1 million Flex Credits a year.Replaces Unlimited ($350)
Max · $550Everything in Advanced plus the full AI suite, Slack Enterprise+ and further products; 2.75 million Flex Credits a year.Same price as Agentforce 1

Salesforce’s published enterprise lineup no longer offers new buyers an unbundled Enterprise or Unlimited tier. Core, Advanced and Max each package previously separate capabilities into the published list price.

Salesforce describes this as consolidating what previously required piecing together multiple SKUs into a single purchase. It does not publicly state whether individual bundled components can be declined. Existing customer pricing on legacy editions remains unchanged, according to Salesforce.S19

Much of the bundle is new value for a buyer who wanted it (Premier alone was listed at 30% of net licence fees, Slack Business+ at $15 per user). The cost falls on buyers who wanted neither, for whom the entry level rose from $175 to $195. Salesforce’s live pricing pages still carry leftovers from the old lineup.S20

06AI: more complicated, but often cheaper

Salesforce cut the unit price of an agent action. It also changed the unit.

Agentforce launched in 2024 at $2 per conversation. In May 2025 Salesforce introduced Flex Credits at $500 per 100,000, with one standard Agentforce action consuming 20 credits, about $0.10 at published rates.S23S22

$2

Per conversation
One conversation, however many steps
  1. $2

Price of one conversation$2.00

$0.10

Per standard action (20 Flex Credits)
Break-even: 20 actions in one conversation
  1. 1
  2. 2
  3. 3
  4. 4
  5. 5
  6. 6
  7. 7
  8. 8
  9. 9
  10. 10
  11. 11
  12. 12
  13. 13
  14. 14
  15. 15
  16. 16
  17. 17
  18. 18
  19. 19
  20. 20

20 actions × $0.10$2.00

Salesforce replaced a $2-per-conversation model with a $0.10-per-standard-action model. Below 20 metered actions, a conversation is cheaper under the simple arithmetic; above that threshold it can cost more.

Salesforce publishes no average actions-per-conversation figure, so the effective change in price is undetermined. Its own worked examples use one to five actions per task. The two models will not be supported in the same org.S22

What improved for customers

Primary-sourced, from Salesforce’s own pricing materials.

  • Free starting allowanceWith Flex Credits in May 2025, Salesforce said Enterprise customers and above could get 100,000 Flex Credits for $0 with Salesforce Foundations. Later Salesforce materials give different figures, so CHI does not state a single current number.S23
  • No overage penaltyThere is no overage penalty. If you exceed your entitlement, your rate is your contracted rate billed monthly in arrears.S22
  • Seats can become creditsSalesforce announced a Flex Agreement allowing organizations to move commitments between human seats and digital labor; the conversion terms are arranged with an account executive and are not published.S23
  • Lower cost for simple tasksFor low-action workloads, the Flex model can materially lower costs relative to $2 per conversation.

What became harder

Six list-price regimes for generative and agentic AI, July 2023 to September 2026.

  1. Sales GPT / Service GPT inside $50-per-user Einstein products, with limited GPT creditsS30
  2. Einstein 1 Edition, $500 per userS17
  3. Agentforce from $2 per conversationS31
  4. Flex Credits, $500 per 100,000; 20 per actionS23
  5. Agentforce 1 from $550 (1M Flex + 2.5M Data Cloud credits); add-ons from $125S18
  6. Max at $550 with 2.75M Flex Credits; credits in Core and AdvancedS19

The concern is not the price of AI; it is how many ways it can now be charged (next section).

This is the strongest evidence against an overly hostile reading. Salesforce lowered the entry cost of AI and published its unit prices.

07AI and Data 360 complexity

Unit-transparent. Bill-opaque.

The finding is not that these things cost money. It is forecastability: the unit prices are published, but the meters have multiplied, and the total depends on usage that is hard to predict.

Seat licencesEditionsPer-user AI add-ons ($125–$150)$5 Agentforce User LicenseFlex CreditsConversations ($2)Help Agent resolutions ($2)Data 360 consumptionProfiles ($240–$420 per 1,000 a year)Einstein Requests

Published

What a buyer can see before signing.

  • Unit pricesFlex Credits at $500 per 100,000; Data 360 Profiles at $240 and $420 per 1,000 a year.S22S26
  • Dated rate cardsMultipliers for each usage type, including sandbox rates.S24S25
  • Monitoring toolsDigital Wallet with consumption alerts; Salesforce advises customers to prevent overages by using alerts in Digital Wallet.S22

Hard to forecast

What a buyer cannot pin down in advance.

  • Multipliers can changeUsage types, tiers, and associated multipliers may be updated from time to time.S24
  • No rolloverFlex Credits must be used before the Order End Date … and no rollover will be permitted.S24
  • Two meters at onceUse of generative AI features may also consume Data Cloud credits as well as Flex Credits or Conversations.S25
  • Overage existed, rate unpublishedSalesforce suspended invoicing for Data 360 overages through 3 November 2025. CHI identified no public Data 360 overage rate.S27
  • Salesforce’s own admissionWe have limited experience with determining optimal pricing for our consumption-based contracts.S29

Salesforce’s Data 360 pricing is transparent at the unit level and difficult to forecast at the total-bill level. CHI does not know whether overage invoicing resumed after 3 November 2025, and makes no claim about the size of any customer’s bill.

08Slack: the clearest acquired-product example

Less free history, AI bundled into the price, tighter data access.

Salesforce completed its acquisition of Slack in July 2021. The record below uses Slack’s own posts, help pages and developer changelog. CHI’s separate Slack investigation covers the full history.

1 Sep 2022

Pro rises from $6.67 to $7.25 per user per month (annual). The free plan’s 10,000-message and 5 GB limits are replaced by access to the past 90 days of history.S32

Price change · reduced free entitlement
26 Aug 2024

On the free plan, messages and files older than one year may be deleted on a rolling basis.S33

Reduced free entitlement
29 May 2025

For commercially distributed apps not approved for the Slack Marketplace, two message-history API methods move from Tier 3 to Tier 1: 1 request per minute, up to 15 objects per request; Marketplace apps and existing installations are not affected, and updated API terms tighten how third-party apps store, use and share data. Slack’s stated reason: bulk downloads of customers’ conversational data for indexing and querying pose risks.S36

Data-access restriction
June 2025

Business+ rises from $12.50 to $15 (+20%) with AI features bundled into the plan.S34 Existing customers automatically switch to the new plan version at their first renewal after 17 August 2025.S35

Non-optional bundling · migration at renewal
“While you can manage which AI features your members are able to use, the price you pay for your Slack plan won’t change if you turn all AI features off.”
Slack Help Center · updates to feature availability and pricingS35

A strong SP001 example: value the customer may not want is folded into a price that does not fall if it is declined.

Other acquired products, briefly. Tableau stopped selling new perpetual licences on 1 May 2021 and said maintenance would not be renewable after 1 March 2024, moving customers who want continued maintenance to subscription with a runway of more than three years.S37 Heroku stopped offering free product plans from 28 November 2022, citing fraud and abuse and a wish to focus resources.S38

09Unused capacity

A narrow claim about shelfware, and only that.

Salesforce’s standard contract can monetize unused capacity because fees are based on subscriptions purchased rather than actual usage, purchased quantities generally cannot be reduced during the term, and reducing commitments at renewal triggers re-pricing without regard to prior per-unit pricing.S1

Order Forms can override each of these terms. CHI does not claim that re-pricing always means a higher price, and it publishes no estimate of how many Salesforce licences go unused: no Salesforce-specific study with a disclosed method supports one.

10Lock-in

Most of it comes from depth. Some of it is added.

Natural switching costs

Not inherently hostile
  • Apex and Flow logic that runs only on Salesforce
  • Custom data models built around Salesforce objects
  • Integrations wired to Salesforce APIs
  • AppExchange packages that must be re-sourced
  • Implementation investment already made
  • Specialist staff knowledge that does not transfer

A Salesforce-controlled layer

Contract, tiering and data access
  • No termination for convenience in the standard agreementS1
  • 30 days after termination to export Customer Data, after which Salesforce deletes itS1
  • Export cadence by edition: weekly on Enterprise and above, every 29 days on ProfessionalS39
  • API access sold separately on lower tiers, listed at $25 per user per monthS20
  • Slack third-party indexing restrictions for non-Marketplace appsS36

Most Salesforce lock-in comes naturally from platform depth. Salesforce adds a contractual and tiering layer on top — and, in Slack’s case, a data-access layer.

The public MSA does not contain post-termination data-access or transition fees. The 30-day export carries no stated charge.

11Fairness and counter-evidence

Salesforce is not uniformly extractive.

Salesforce’s entry list price has stayed at about $25 per user per month since 2017, and the 2025 increase explicitly excluded Foundations, Starter and Pro.

The product changed from Essentials (launched at $25 in November 2017) to Starter Suite, so the price is nominal, not like-for-like. The 2025 announcement said: There are no planned changes to pricing for Salesforce Foundations, Starter, or Pro Editions.S44S17S18
  • More included capacity. Compared with its Summer ’17 limits documentation, Salesforce now includes 10 GB of base data storage per org instead of 1 GB, and a base of 100,000 API calls a day instead of 15,000.S42S43
  • Free starting allowances. Salesforce Foundations and free Flex Credit allowances let Enterprise customers try AI and Data 360 without a new purchase.S23S26
  • Cheaper AI for simple work. The Flex model can materially lower costs for low-action workloads, with no overage penalty at the contracted rate.S22
  • Seats convertible to credits. The announced Flex Agreement lets human-seat commitments move toward digital labor.S23
  • Free internal ingestion. Salesforce-to-Data 360 pipeline usage stopped consuming credits on 7 August 2025.S28
  • Patient retirements. Classic has no announced end-of-life date; Workflow Rules and Process Builder had a multi-year transition and existing automations continue to run after end of support on 31 December 2025; existing CPQ customers may keep renewing and adding seats.S40S41
  • Standard support included. The agreement provides standard support at no additional charge.S1
  • No exit fee. The 30-day post-termination data export carries no stated fee.S1
  • Published tools. Dated rate cards, a Digital Wallet and consumption alerts give customers more visibility than many usage-priced vendors offer.S24S22
  • Legacy pricing kept. Existing customers keep legacy-edition pricing after the 2026 restructuring.S19
CHI interpretation

Salesforce has often lowered barriers where it wants adoption while tightening economics where customers are already deeply embedded.

This is CHI’s reading of the pattern across the evidence on this page, not a statement Salesforce has made.

12Score

Why CHI 58, and why there is no CVI yet.

CHI 58 places Salesforce in the Concerning range. It is CHI’s calibrated score based on the verified evidence on this page, set against the other technology companies in the index, not a figure derived from any single Salesforce document. No dimension-level breakdown has been published for Salesforce.

58CHI · Pushed up by
  • Standard renewal-price protection weakened, then removed
  • Contraction triggers re-pricing; expansion does not
  • Premier published rate 20% → 30% of net fees
  • Percentage add-ons on an undefined base
  • Repeated upward list moves after a long freeze
  • Layered usage pricing that is hard to forecast
  • Slack AI bundled with no price reduction for opting out
−CHI · Held down by
  • $25 entry price nominally held since 2017
  • Larger base storage and API allowances
  • Free AI and Data 360 starting allowances
  • Lower AI unit prices for simple work
  • Patient core-platform retirements
  • Legacy pricing preserved for existing customers
—CVI and CFS · Not yet assigned

CHI has not yet scored the value Salesforce delivers. CFS is CVI minus CHI, so no fairness balance is published: this page answers how hostile the commercial relationship has become, not whether the value delivered outweighs it.

13Pattern classification

One primary pattern, two partial ones, one not supported.

SP002Existing-Customer Yield OptimizationSupportsPrimary pattern

Standard renewal protection was weakened and removed, contraction became a re-pricing event, percentage add-ons grow with the base, and enterprise list levels rose after a long freeze.

SP001Unmonetized Access / Entitlement MonetizationPartialSecondary

Slack’s free history narrowed and its AI was bundled into a price that does not fall if AI is switched off; Heroku’s free plans ended; Premier’s published rate rose. Partial because core allowances moved the other way and Premier repricing of existing customers is not established.

SP003Legacy Product DeprioritizationPartialSecondary

Legacy editions are no longer offered to new buyers, Tableau perpetual maintenance ended, and CPQ reached end of sale. Partial because core retirements were patient and existing customers keep legacy pricing.

SP004Regulated Pass-through / Customer RecoveryNot supported

The only pass-through found is a standard clause making fees exclusive of taxes. No regulatory or compliance recovery fee was identified.S1

14CHI verdict

Salesforce

Concerning

CHI58/100Concerning
CVI—Not yet assigned
CFS—Requires a CVI

The evidence does not support the claim that Salesforce is uniquely predatory.

It does support this: Salesforce progressively weakened standard renewal-price protection, made contraction subject to re-pricing, increased percentage-based monetization, raised enterprise list prices after a long freeze, and introduced increasingly layered usage pricing around an ecosystem customers find expensive to unwind.

At the same time, Salesforce has kept SMB pricing remarkably stable, increased core allowances, introduced meaningful free tiers and sometimes reduced AI unit economics.

SupportsRather than strongly supports: the structural findings are real and primary-sourced, and so is the counter-evidence
What this page does not claim

CHI tested these and left them out because the evidence did not establish them.

  • Salesforce’s current standard contract does not contain a 7% renewal cap.
  • CHI did not establish that every list-price increase applied to every existing customer at renewal.
  • CHI did not establish that customers were forced into Agentforce.
  • CHI did not establish any Salesforce-specific rate of unused licences.
  • CHI did not establish routine multimillion-dollar Data 360 overages.
  • CHI did not establish whether customers can or cannot decline individual components of the 2026 bundles.

15Sources

Primary documents first.

Company documents and SEC filings wherever they exist; secondary sources are marked. Archived pages link to the Internet Archive.

Contracts
S1

Salesforce Main Services Agreement, current version, last updated 15 October 2026 (§2.1, §2.2, §3.1, §5.1, §5.6, §11.2, §11.3, §12.3). salesforce.com

S2

Salesforce agreement archive, all prior versions of the standard agreement. salesforce.com

S3

Master Subscription Agreement, version posted May 2009 to June 2010 (§12.2: “shall not exceed 7%”, 30 days’ notice). salesforce.com

S4

Master Subscription Agreement, version of 21 October 2015 (§12.2: 7% ceiling, 60 days’ notice). salesforce.com

S5

Master Subscription Agreement, version of 9 January 2016 (§12.2: “will increase by up to 7%”; re-pricing on decreased volume). salesforce.com

S6

Master Subscription Agreement, version of 10 November 2018 (last version containing the 7% sentence). salesforce.com

S7

Master Subscription Agreement, version of 1 May 2019 (7% sentence deleted; re-pricing on decreased volume or length). salesforce.com

Support and percentage pricing
S8

Salesforce Success Plans page, archived 16 February 2021 (Premier 20% of net; Premier Plus 30% of net). web.archive.org

S9

Salesforce Success Plans page, archived 19 February 2021 (Premier 30% of net; Signature on request). web.archive.org

S10

Salesforce Success Plans page, archived 3 June 2019 (Standard “2-day response 12/5 online”; Premier “20% net”). web.archive.org

S11

Salesforce Success Plans pricing, live (“30% of net license fees”; response times; developer support). salesforce.com

S12

Salesforce all Success Plans datasheet, April 2026. salesforce.com

S13

Salesforce Shield pricing, live (Shield and components as % of net spend; “applicable products” FAQ). salesforce.com

S14

Salesforce sandbox pricing, live (Developer Pro 5%, Partial Copy 20%, Full Copy 30% of net spend). salesforce.com

S15

Salesforce all add-ons price list (Data Mask 10% of net spend; Premier 30% of net price). salesforce.com

List prices and editions
S16

“New List Pricing for Salesforce Products”, Salesforce, 11 July 2023, archived (average 9%; “seven years ago”; scope). web.archive.org

S17

Salesforce Sales Cloud pricing page, archived June 2017, June 2023, September 2023, June 2024 and August 2025.

S18

“Updated Product Packaging and Pricing”, Salesforce, 17 June 2025 (average 6%; exclusions; Agentforce 1 Editions; add-ons; Slack Business+). salesforce.com

S19

“New Salesforce Editions Bundle Everything Businesses Need for Agentic Transformation”, Salesforce, 3 September 2026. salesforce.com

S20

Salesforce Sales Cloud pricing, live (Core, Advanced, Max; Web Services API add-on). salesforce.com

S21

Salesforce Service Cloud pricing, live. salesforce.com

AI and Data 360
S22

Agentforce pricing, live (Flex Credits; $2 conversations; same-org rule; overage and rollover FAQs; worked examples). salesforce.com

S23

“Salesforce Introduces New Flexible Agentforce Pricing”, press release, 15 May 2025 (Flex Credits; Flex Agreement; 100,000 credits with Foundations). salesforce.com

S24

Flex Credits Rate Card, updated 31 August 2026. salesforce.com

S25

Einstein Request Rate Card, updated 21 September 2026. salesforce.com

S26

Data 360 pricing, live (Flex Credits; Profiles SKUs; free provisioning). salesforce.com

S27

Salesforce Help: Data 360 License, Credits, and Permission Set Changes, September through November 2025 (overage invoicing suspended until 3 November 2025). help.salesforce.com

S28

Salesforce Help: Data Services Billable Usage Types for Data 360 (internal pipeline free as of 7 August 2025). help.salesforce.com

S29

Salesforce, Inc. Form 10-K, fiscal year ended 31 January 2026, Item 1A. sec.gov

S30

Sales GPT and Service GPT general availability, Salesforce, July 2023. salesforce.com

S31

Agentforce announcement, Salesforce, 12 September 2024 (“starts at $2 per conversation”). salesforce.com

Slack, Tableau and Heroku
S32

“Pricing and plan updates”, Slack, 18 July 2022. slack.com

S33

Slack Help: Updates to message and file history on free workspaces (deletion from 26 August 2024). slack.com

S34

“June 2025 pricing and packaging announcement”, Slack, 17 June 2025. slack.com

S35

Slack Help: Updates to feature availability and pricing for Slack plans (renewal after 17 August 2025; AI and plan price). slack.com

S36

Slack developer changelog, “Rate limit changes for non-Marketplace apps”, 29 May 2025. docs.slack.dev

S37

Tableau: perpetual licence end of sale (1 May 2021; maintenance not renewable after 1 March 2024). tableau.com

S38

Heroku: “Heroku’s Next Chapter”, 25 August 2022 (free plans end 28 November 2022). heroku.com

Platform limits, retirements and exports
S39

Trailhead: Data export (weekly on Enterprise, Performance and Unlimited; every 29 days on Professional and Developer). trailhead.salesforce.com

S40

Salesforce Help: Workflow Rules and Process Builder end of support. help.salesforce.com

S41

Salesforce Ben, “Salesforce Confirms the Future of CPQ”, March 2025 (end of sale; renewals and added licences continue) Secondary; Salesforce Ben on the retirement of Lightning transition apps (no Classic end-of-life date) Secondary. salesforceben.com · salesforceben.com

S42

Salesforce limits quick reference, Summer ’17 (1 GB base data storage; 15,000 base API calls). salesforce.com

S43

Current Salesforce limits: data and file storage allocations (10 GB base) and API request limits (100,000 base).

S44

diginomica, “Salesforce Essentials welcomes SMBs back into the fold”, 13 November 2017 ($25 launch price) Secondary. diginomica.com

Reading this beside the rest of the index

Every company here is assessed against the same question. At Salesforce, the answer depends on which direction your business is moving.

Read this page alongside CHI’s Slack investigation, the methodology, and the other technology companies CHI has assessed.